The Two Energies of the Supreme Lord

А. Ч. Бхактиведанта Свами Прабхупада · Вриндаван · 1974

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Pradyumna: Oṁ namo bhagavate vāsudevāya. Oṁ namo bhagavate vāsudevāya. Oṁ namo bhagavate vāsudevāya.

Introduction to the Vasudeva mantra

[devotees repeat] [leads chanting of verse, etc.] BG 7.6एतद्योनीनि भूतानि सर्वाणीत्युपधारय ।अहं कृत्स्नस्य जगतः प्रभवः प्रलयस्तथा ॥६॥etad-yonīni bhūtānisarvāṇīty upadhārayaahaṁ kṛtsnasya jagataḥprabhavaḥ pralayas tathāAll created beings have their source in these two natures. Of all that is material and all that is spiritual in this world, know for certain that I am both the origin and the dissolution.[leads synonyms] [break]

Krishna as the source of energy

Translation = "Of all that is material and all that is spiritual in this world... [know for certain that I am both its origin and dissolution.] " [aside:]

Prabhupāda: You can explain in Hindi this verse, so that others may hear in Hindi. Or you can come here. Speak it in English first. [break]

So Kṛṣṇa has explained that He is the source of two energies—the material energy and the spiritual energy.

The material energy, consisting of earth, water, air, fire, mind, intelligence and ego; and the spiritual energy, jīva-bhūta, the living entities.

The spiritual energy is described as superior, and material energy is described as inferior. But both of them are energies. Energy means it is controlled; it is generated. Just like electric energy.

Electric energy, it is very powerful. Even by touching electric energy one is shockened immediately.

So, but still that electric energy is generated through a source, and the source we call the executive engineer, or the resident engineer, in the electric powerhouse.

So Kṛṣṇa says that source of energy, or the resident engineer, like the electric powerhouse, that is Kṛṣṇa. In another place in the Tenth Chapter it is stated, mayādhyakṣeṇa prakṛtiḥsūyate sa-carācaramBg. 9.10.

Both the prakṛtis—the superior prakṛti, parā-prakṛti, and aparā-prakṛti—both of them are working under the superintendence of Kṛṣṇa. Therefore Kṛṣṇa says that "Both these energies, I am the source." Aham...

etad-yonīni bhūtānisarvāṇīty upadhārayaBg. 7.6.

Whatever you are seeing within this material world, that is combination of this material and spiritual energy. Without spiritual energy, the material energy has no power. Therefore the spiritual energy is superior.

But both of them are being controlled by Kṛṣṇa. Although there is nothing in this material world which is beyond these two energies, material and spiritual...

Anything you take, a big machine, just like we have got experience the airplane, 747—big as it is a small village. Not small; a big, big village.

Five hundred people, five hundred passengers are carried with their luggage—a huge airplane. This is latest. Now what is this big machinery?

It is combination of these two energies = the pilot is the spiritual energy, and the machine, the plane, is material energy. Everyone can understand. It is very simple. Anything.

Etad-yonīni sarvāṇi. Unless there are these two energies, there is no existence of anything. Anything you take. Just like this electric fan. Electric fan is made of metal. That is material energy.

But unless I touch the button or I push the plug into electricity, it will not work. So combination of two energies, material and the spiritual—anything.

Therefore Kṛṣṇa says, etad-yonīni sarvāṇi. Not exception; everything. That is the combination of two energies, material and spiritual. And ahaṁ kṛtsnasya: "But these two energies are generated by Me.

Therefore I am the source of everything." As it is..., Vedānta-sūtra it is said, to find out the original source of everything—athāto brahma jijñāsā. That original source is here, Kṛṣṇa.

Kṛṣṇa says, ahaṁ. Ahaṁ kṛtsnasya jagataḥ. The whole universe, the whole cosmic manifestation, prabhavaḥ. Prabhavaḥ means "generation." The same thing, just like the electric light.

I push the button = switch on, switch off. As soon as switch off, everything is dark. And as soon as switch on, it is light. Similarly, Kṛṣṇa says, jagataḥ prabhavaḥ pralayaḥ. Prabhavaḥ: on; the creation goes on.

And as soon as He wants, this creation is off, immediately. That is the sṛṣṭi-sthiti-pralaya-sādhana-śakti So everything is there. Parāsya śaktir vividhaiva śrūyate [Śvetāśvatara Upaniṣad 6.8].

He is the source of the switch on and switch off.

Universal creation and transcendental nature

BS 5.48यस्य एक निश्वशित् कालम् अथ अवलम्ब्यजीवन्ति लोम बिलजा जगन्दण्ड् नाथाः |विष्णुः महान् स इह यस्य कला विशेषोगोविन्दम् आदि पुरुषं तमहं भजामि ॥ ४८ ॥yasyaika-niśvasita-kālam athāvalambyajīvanti loma-vilajā jagad-aṇḍa-nāthāḥviṣṇur mahān sa iha yasya kalā-viśeṣogovindam ādi-puruṣaṁ tam ahaṁ bhajāmiBrahmā and other lords of the mundane worlds, appearing from the pores of hair of Mahā-Viṣṇu, remain alive as long as the duration of one exhalation of the latter [Mahā-Viṣṇu]. I adore the primeval Lord Govinda of whose subjective personality Mahā-Viṣṇu is the portion of portion.

That niśvasita-kālam athāvalambya, that is the switch on and switch off. Inhaling and exhaling, Mahā-Viṣṇu.

By His exhaling, whole universe is coming out into existence, and by His inhaling it is all entering within His body.

Prakṛtiṁ māṁ eka, it is stated in the Bhagavad-gītā. Everything enters into the body of the Mahā-Viṣṇu during the pralaya. Again it is coming, bhūtvā bhūtvā pralīyate

This world, this material world, in this way, as you have got experience, this body. Body is manifested at a certain date, and it will be annihilated at a certain date.

So similarly, the huge cosmic manifestation, that is created at a certain date, and it will be annihilated at a certain date. Jagataḥ prabhavaḥ pralayas tathā.

So Kṛṣṇa is the original source of prabhavaḥ pralaya. But Kṛṣṇa is not under this prabhava and pralaya. This should be understood. Aham evāsam evāgre It is stated in the Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam that...

Therefore Kṛṣṇa is not within this creation. From Him is created, and He existed before the creation. Because if you say Kṛṣṇa is the source of creation, or if we understand that, then He is beyond creation.

So His body is not of this created energy. That is stated in the Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam, sambhavāmy ātma-māyayā that is spiritual energy. Kṛṣṇa is spiritual energy. Kṛṣṇa is not subjected to this creation and annihilation.

Therefore Kṛṣṇa says, janma karma me divyam Divyam means that is transcendental. Yo jānāti tattvataḥ. Tattvataḥ means because Kṛṣṇa is the creator and annihilator...

To understand Kṛṣṇa, that He is not subjected to this material creation and annihilation, this is tattvataḥ. Janma karma me divyam. We are born, and we die.

That is under this principle, prabhavaḥ pralayas tathā. But Kṛṣṇa is not like that. Therefore Kṛṣṇa said, BG 9.11अवजानन्ति मां मूढा मानुषीं तनुमाश्रितम् ।परं भावमजानन्तो मम भूतमहेश्वरम् ॥११॥avajānanti māṁ mūḍhāmānuṣīṁ tanum āśritamparaṁ bhāvam ajānantomama bhūta-maheśvaramFools deride Me when I descend in the human form. They do not know My transcendental nature as the Supreme Lord of all that be.

Because He has come as a human being for the benefit of the human society: BG 4.7यदा यदा हि धर्मस्य ग्लानिर्भवति भारत ।अभ्युत्थानमधर्मस्य तदात्मानं सृजाम्यहम् ॥७॥yadā yadā hi dharmasyaglānir bhavati bhārataabhyutthānam adharmasyatadātmānaṁ sṛjāmy ahamWhenever and wherever there is a decline in religious practice, O descendant of Bharata, and a predominant rise of irreligion – at that time I descend Myself.

Solving the problems of material existence

He comes because He is interested. We are living entities. We are Kṛṣṇa’s part and parcel. So He is very much interested with our sufferings. Duḥkhālayam aśāśvatam

We are rotting in this material world, although we are eternal, nityo nityānāṁ. Kṛṣṇa is the supreme nitya, and we are plural number, nityānāṁ. We are also, because part and parcel of Kṛṣṇa.

So nitya. Our nature is nitya, BG 2.20न जायते म्रियते वा कदाचि-न्नायं भूत्वा भविता वा न भूयः ।अजो नित्यः शाश्वतोऽयं पुराणोन हन्यते हन्यमाने शरीरे ॥२०॥na jāyate mriyate vā kadācinnāyaṁ bhūtvā bhavitā vā na bhūyaḥajo nityaḥ śāśvato 'yaṁ purāṇona hanyate hanyamāne śarīreFor the soul there is neither birth nor death at any time. He has not come into being, does not come into being, and will not come into being. He is unborn, eternal, ever-existing and primeval. He is not slain when the body is slain.This is our nature. We should understand this.

We are not subjected to birth and death, but we are. Why we are subjected to birth and death? This question was raised by Sanātana Gosvāmī to Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu. ‘Ke āmi’, ‘kene āmāya jāre tāpa-traya’

= "I am not subjected..., I do not want all these miserable condition of life, but why I am forced to accept it?" This is the question of life, athāto brahma jijñāsā. But people are not interested.

That is not very good civilization. They do not inquire the prime necessities of life. They do not inquire, "Why shall I die?

If I am nitya, if I am eternal, śāśvataḥ, purāṇaḥ, the oldest"—na hanyate hanyamāne śarīre—"if I do not die, if I am not annihilated after the death, after annihilation of this body, then why my body is annihilated?

Why I am subjected to birth, death?" This is the problem.

BG 13.9अमानित्वमदम्भित्वमहिंसा क्षान्तिरार्जवम् ।आचार्योपासनं शौचं स्थैर्यमात्मविनिग्रहः ॥८॥इन्द्रियार्थेषु वैराग्यमनहंकार एव च ।जन्ममृत्युजराव्याधिदुःखदोषानुदर्शनम् ॥९॥असक्तिरनभिष्वङ्गः पुत्रदारगृहादिषु ।नित्यं च समचित्तत्वमिष्टानिष्टोपपत्तिषु ॥१०॥मयि चानन्ययोगेन भक्तिरव्यभिचारिणी ।विविक्तदेशसेवित्वमरतिर्जनसंसदि ॥११॥अध्यात्मज्ञाननित्यत्वं तत्त्वज्ञानार्थदर्शनम् ।एतज्ज्ञानमिति प्रोक्तमज्ञानं यदतोऽन्यथा ॥१२॥(8)amānitvam adambhitvamahiṁsā kṣāntir ārjavamācāryopāsanaṁ śaucaṁsthairyam ātma-vinigrahaḥ(9)indriyārtheṣu vairāgyamanahaṅkāra eva cajanma-mṛtyu-jarā-vyādhi-duḥkha-doṣānudarśanam(10)asaktir anabhiṣvaṅgaḥputra-dāra-gṛhādiṣunityaṁ ca sama-cittatvamiṣṭāniṣṭopapattiṣu(11)mayi cānanya-yogenabhaktir avyabhicāriṇīvivikta-deśa-sevitvamaratir jana-saṁsadi(12)adhyātma-jñāna-nityatvaṁtattva-jñānārtha-darśanametaj jñānam iti proktamajñānaṁ yad ato 'nyathāHumility; pridelessness; nonviolence; tolerance; simplicity; approaching a bona ﬁde spiritual master; cleanliness; steadiness; self-control; renunciation of the objects of sense gratiﬁcation; absence of false ego; the perception of the evil of birth, death, old age and disease; detachment; freedom from entanglement with children, wife, home and the rest; even-mindedness amid pleasant and unpleasant events; constant and unalloyed devotion to Me; aspiring to live in a solitary place; detachment from the general mass of people; accepting the importance of self-realization; and philosophical search for the Absolute Truth – all these I declare to be knowledge, and besides this whatever there may be is ignorance.

But we are not inquisitive. This is our foolishness. Mūḍhā. They do not know what is the problem of life. They are fighting in politics. Politics-created problems. There is everything...

One party is thinking that "If I am the government, I shall make everything all right." But nobody knows the real problem, so they are fighting—all over the world. When I was [in] Rome, the same thing.

There was a fighting between the Fascists and the Communists, and immediately, six person died by fighting. This is going on in ignorance.

Mūḍhā. They do not know what is the problem of life, and unnecessarily they are creating temporary problems and fighting on them. They do not know what is Kṛṣṇa.

Therefore this Kṛṣṇa consciousness movement is the supermost enlightening movement to the human society. Supermost. They are putting actually what is this problem, and solution of the problem.

Solution of the problem means... Real problem is birth, death, old age and disease. So solution of problem means that if you don’t get this material body, then this is the solution. So long...

That is stated in the Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam: SB 5.5.4नूनं प्रमत्तः कुरुते विकर्मयदिन्द्रियप्रीतय आपृणोति ।न साधु मन्ये यत आत्मनोऽयमसन्नपि क्लेशद आस देहः ॥४॥nūnaṁ pramattaḥ kurute vikarmayad indriya-prītaya āpṛṇotina sādhu manye yata ātmano 'yamasann api kleśada āsa dehaḥWhen a person considers sense gratification the aim of life, he certainly becomes mad after materialistic living and engages in all kinds of sinful activity. He does not know that due to his past misdeeds he has already received a body which, although temporary, is the cause of his misery. Actually the living entity should not have taken on a material body, but he has been awarded the material body for sense gratification. Therefore I think it not befitting an intelligent man to involve himself again in the activities of sense gratification by which he perpetually gets material bodies one after another.

This deha—dehino 'smin yathā dehe—this deha, kleśada, it is always miserable. That we do not know. We know, we experience, it is kleśada, which gives kleśa, miserable conditions, but we are callous on this point.

We are fighting on superficial problems, created problem. There is no problem. Here, pūrṇam idaṁ, pūrṇam idaṁ pūrṇam adaḥ pūrṇāt pūrṇam udacyate [Īśo Invocation]. Everything is complete there. There is no cause.

Just like the birds, beasts, they have no problem; but the problem of birth, death is there. Otherwise there is no problem in the beast society, bird society, animal society, aquatic society. They are living.

The problem is birth, death. That is even in the, what is called, Brahmaloka. Brahmā also will also die. So that is real problem. The human society should consider.

That is human society, that they are..., they must try to solve the problems of birth and death. And that is very easy. That is stated in the Bhagavad-gītā: very easy.

BG 4.9जन्म कर्म च मे दिव्यमेवं यो वेत्ति तत्त्वतः ।त्यक्त्वा देहं पुनर्जन्म नैति मामेति सोऽर्जुन ॥९॥janma karma ca me divyamevaṁ yo vetti tattvataḥtyaktvā dehaṁ punar janmanaiti mām eti so 'rjunaOne who knows the transcendental nature of My appearance and activities does not, upon leaving the body, take his birth again in this material world, but attains My eternal abode, O Arjuna.

You try to understand Kṛṣṇa. This is the land of Kṛṣṇa. You foreigners, you have come here. You just take shelter of Kṛṣṇa and try to understand Kṛṣṇa, then your all problem solved.

Kṛṣṇa is explaining Himself in the Bhagavad-gītā. Here is the another explanation: BG 7.6एतद्योनीनि भूतानि सर्वाणीत्युपधारय ।अहं कृत्स्नस्य जगतः प्रभवः प्रलयस्तथा ॥६॥etad-yonīni bhūtānisarvāṇīty upadhārayaahaṁ kṛtsnasya jagataḥprabhavaḥ pralayas tathāAll created beings have their source in these two natures. Of all that is material and all that is spiritual in this world, know for certain that I am both the origin and the dissolution.But mūḍhā, avajānanti, "Ah, He is a person.

How He can be the source of everything?" But he does not know what kind of person He is. Paraṁ bhāvam ajānanto. The rascals, they do not know what is Kṛṣṇa.

But try to understand Kṛṣṇa, then all problems will be solved, both material and spiritual. Śrī Kṛṣṇa is so kind. yadā yadā hi...,glānir bhavati bhārata,tadātmānaṁ sṛjāmy ahamBg. 4.7.Kṛṣṇa descended.

Kṛṣṇa came here in this Vṛndāvana land. He explained Himself in the Battle of Kurukṣetra, and also here, also. Everywhere. He is explaining, and He is practically demonstrating, this Vṛndāvana-līlā.

So try to understand Kṛṣṇa, and your problems will be solved, because He is the origin of everything. BG 7.6एतद्योनीनि भूतानि सर्वाणीत्युपधारय ।अहं कृत्स्नस्य जगतः प्रभवः प्रलयस्तथा ॥६॥etad-yonīni bhūtānisarvāṇīty upadhārayaahaṁ kṛtsnasya jagataḥprabhavaḥ pralayas tathāAll created beings have their source in these two natures. Of all that is material and all that is spiritual in this world, know for certain that I am both the origin and the dissolution.

So the Kṛṣṇa consciousness movement is simply to understand Kṛṣṇa.

Chanting as the solution for Kali

And that will be very easy, as it is introduced by Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu = kṛṣṇotkīrtana-gāna. Paraṁ vijayate śrī-kṛṣṇa-saṅkīrtanam [Śikṣāṣṭaka 1]. Very easy.

Paraṁ vijayate: simply by chanting Hare Kṛṣṇa mahā-mantra. CC Adi 17.21হরের্নাম হরের্নাম হরের্নামৈব কেবলম্‌ ।কলৌ নাস্ত্যেব নাস্ত্যেব নাস্ত্যেব গতিরন্যথা ॥ ২১ ॥harer nāma harer nāmaharer nāmaiva kevalamkalau nāsty eva nāsty evanāsty eva gatir anyathā“ ‘In this Age of Kali there is no other means, no other means, no other means for self-realization than chanting the holy name, chanting the holy name, chanting the holy name of Lord Hari.’

SB 12.3.51कलेर्दोषनिधे राजन्नस्ति ह्येको महान् गुण: ।कीर्तनादेव कृष्णस्य मुक्तसङ्ग: परं व्रजेत् ॥ ५१ ॥kaler doṣa-nidhe rājannasti hy eko mahān guṇaḥkīrtanād eva kṛṣṇasyamukta-saṅgaḥ paraṁ vrajetMy dear King, although Kali-yuga is an ocean of faults, there is still one good quality about this age: Simply by chanting the Hare Kṛṣṇa mahā-mantra, one can become free from material bondage and be promoted to the transcendental kingdom.

Simply by chanting. This is the special advantage of this age, Kali-yuga. It is very bad age. It is very bad. The people are suffering. Durbhikṣa-kara-pīḍitāḥ

One side there is scarcity of food, and one side there is heavy taxation by the government. These are stated in the Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam = durbhikṣa-kara-pīḍitāḥ.

SB 12.2.8प्रजा हि लुब्धै राजन्यैर्निर्घृणैर्दस्युधर्मभि: ।आच्छिन्नदारद्रविणा यास्यन्ति गिरिकाननम् ॥ ८ ॥prajā hi lubdhai rājanyairnirghṛṇair dasyu-dharmabhiḥācchinna-dāra-draviṇāyāsyanti giri-kānanamLosing their wives and properties to such avaricious and merciless rulers, who will behave no better than ordinary thieves, the citizens will flee to the mountains and forests.

In this age we’ll be so much disturbed, more and more, by durbhikṣa, anāvṛṣṭi. There will be scarcity of rain, and there will be no food production, and on the other side, government will present every six months a big budget, big = "Give me tax." This is the position.

Durbhikṣa-kara... Anāvṛṣṭyā, durbhikṣa-kara-pīḍitāḥ. Ācchinna-dāra-draviṇā yāsyanti giri-kānanam. People will be mad, they’ll be so much... But that is our karma-phal. Karma-phal. Because we do not hear Kṛṣṇa.

We do not hear Kṛṣṇa. Kṛṣṇa is giving solution of all the problems, but we do not hear Kṛṣṇa. Therefore the Kṛṣṇa consciousness movement is the source of solution, is the means of solution of all problem.

So if you simply try to understand. Here is Kṛṣṇa explains, BG 7.6एतद्योनीनि भूतानि सर्वाणीत्युपधारय ।अहं कृत्स्नस्य जगतः प्रभवः प्रलयस्तथा ॥६॥etad-yonīni bhūtānisarvāṇīty upadhārayaahaṁ kṛtsnasya jagataḥprabhavaḥ pralayas tathāAll created beings have their source in these two natures. Of all that is material and all that is spiritual in this world, know for certain that I am both the origin and the dissolution.

Refuting impersonalism and identifying Krishna

The next verse will be explained that if you think, just like the Māyāvādīs, they think that Kṛṣṇa has taken a form; ultimately the Absolute Truth is impersonal, that is formless. But Kṛṣṇa denies that. Kṛṣṇa says,

BG 7.7मत्तः परतरं नान्यत्किंचिदस्ति धनंजय ।मयि सर्वमिदं प्रोतं सूत्रे मणिगणा इव ॥७॥mattaḥ parataraṁ nānyatkiñcid asti dhanañjayamayi sarvam idaṁ protaṁsūtre maṇi-gaṇā ivaO conqueror of wealth, there is no truth superior to Me. Everything rests upon Me, as pearls are strung on a thread.

If you think that above Kṛṣṇa there is impersonal Brahman, that is wrong idea. Kṛṣṇa says, mattaḥ parataraṁ: "There is no more superior truth than Me." That means the Personality of God is the ultimate truth.

That is understood by Arjuna, that "Nobody can understand Your personality." That is mūḍhā. BG 7.24अव्यक्तं व्यक्तिमापन्नं मन्यन्ते मामबुद्धयः ।परं भावमजानन्तो ममाव्ययमनुत्तमम् ॥२४॥avyaktaṁ vyaktim āpannaṁmanyante mām abuddhayaḥparaṁ bhāvam ajānantomamāvyayam anuttamamUnintelligent men, who do not know Me perfectly, think that I, the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Kṛṣṇa, was impersonal before and have now assumed this personality. Due to their small knowledge, they do not know My higher nature, which is imperishable and supreme.

The abuddhayaḥ, less intelligent class of men, they think that "I was avyaktaṁ, impersonal. Now I have assumed a form." No.

He is originally the form = Kṛṣṇa, dvi-bhuja murlīdhāra; Kṛṣṇa, the friend of the gopīs and the cowherds boy and the son of Nanda Mahārāja, son of mother Yaśodā. He is a person.

SB 1.2.11वदन्ति तत्तत्वविदस्तत्वम् यज्ज्ञानमद्वयम् ।ब्रह्मेति परमात्मेति भगवानिति शब्द्द्यते ॥ (११)vadanti tat tattva-vidastattvaṁ yaj jñānam advayambrahmeti paramātmetibhagavān iti śabdyateLearned transcendentalists who know the Absolute Truth call this nondual substance Brahman, Paramātmā or Bhagavān.

The Absolute Truth, they are understood from three angles of vision: brahmeti paramātmetibhagavān iti śabdyateBhagavān is the ultimate. Therefore Kṛṣṇa says,

Therefore take to Kṛṣṇa, Śyāmasundara, and worship Him. Your all problems will be solved. Thank you very much.

Devotees: Jaya Śrīla Prabhupāda. [end]