Lecture on Gita Jayanti
Бхакти Вигьяна Госвами · 2020
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Introduction on Gita Jayanti
Oṁ namo bhagavate vāsudevāya, oṁ namo bhagavate vāsudevāya, bhagavate vāsudevāya nārāyaṇaṁ namaskṛtya, naraṁ caiva narottamaṁ, devīṁ sarasvatīṁ vyāsaṁ tato jayam udīrayet.
Ah it's a very great honor for me to speak in front of all of you on this, uh, Vaikuṇṭha Ekādaśī or Mokṣadā Ekādaśī Day, Gita Jayanti Day today. will translate?
I have only few minutes to speak, so I will try to speak within this few minutes about the message of Bhagavad-gītā. As Suvarna Gaura Hari Prabhu said, I have a scientific background. So, Maharaj, and...
And when I first read Bhagavad-gītā I was doing my postgraduate studies, I was doing my PhD degree. And Maznam Bari, Bhagavad Gita Udaga and PhD, I think.
And when I read Bhagavad-gītā, it was not even Prabhupāda's Bhagavad-gītā, it was just verses from Bhagavad-gītā. One thing immediately struck me is that it's a very rational book.
Usually when we speak about religion there is a lot of irrational things involved in religion. So now Dharma, I'll do irrational wish. You have to believe this is the face and But
Bhagavad-gītā is a completely different book in this regard because Bhagavad-gītā gives a very logical, very intelligible understanding of what you're supposed to do by uh understanding that there is god so dharvaka visu
Gita immediately gives it. And not only this, Bhagavad Gita immediately tells you what you should change in your life if you want to follow these teachings.
Bhagavad Ashtella now in Martha if Bhagavad Gita was like you want to be put on the residents. Teaching, Bhagavad-gītā is not for teaching, Bhagavad-gītā is not for reading, Bhagavad- gītā is for living.
Bhagavad Gita you know we bhata madhakadam, Pashara Mhadakada, Ududhukada, Aja Bhagavad Gita
Importance of living the message
Sometimes we're good at speaking Bhagavad-gītā, but this is not so, uh, important. There was a little story from Śrīla Prabhupāda's life. Once he was giving a lecture, and after a lecture in Mumbai, I believe one
man came to Prabhupāda and very proudly said, "Swamiji, I can recite..." supposedly Śrī Kṛṣṇa recited Bhagavad-gītā within one muhurta. This whole thing happened just within 45 minutes or something.
So this man proudly said that I can recite Bhagavad-gītā within 45 minutes, the whole Bhagavad- -gītā.
So and the Bhai Shila Prabhupada Bhangli Arucha Brava Purtika re The implication is that I can be like Krishna recited Bhagavad Gita within forty five minutes. I'm always the same. Krishna and one the mother alike.
And Prabhupada said, yes, yes, you can recite Bhagavad Gita within 45 minutes. Very good, very good, very good. Prabhupada, what is the meaning put up, Navasanim? Can you leave Padabad Gita for 10 minutes?
Prabhupada Prashabata head of the Prabhupada Hamti So
it's not a question of reciting Bhagavad Gita within two hours or 45 minutes or reciting even Bhagavad Gita every day, it's a question of imbibing this message within deeply within our heart.
Bhagavad Gita Anamama Hudya Lina Matinandali. And it's not that easy.
It's easy to speak on Bhagavad Gita, to preach Bhagavad Gita, to distribute Bhagavad Gita. It's not difficult. But to leave Bhagavad Gita is not so easy.
So Bhagavad Gita Pracharamaraduma Sarah, Bhagavad Gite, Bitana Bharatumasara, Adrian Bhagavad Gite, Ansara Jivana Sudum Tuntashana. Because from the very beginning of Bhagavad Gita, Krishna makes a diagnosis.
He diagnoses us, Arjuna and us, as his listeners and followers, and he says that our problem is Khrip Daur Balyam, the weakness of the heart.
So Krishna Bhagavad Gita Paramaya Modhley Akadali Pratya GP Tundare Tundare Pradya Dorbali And
what is this weakness of the heart which actually makes us do some abominable things, makes us uh deviate from the path of Dharma, makes us do some mistakes.
This all Krishna says just very beautifully in one word, weakness of the heart, Khrit Daubaliam, the lack of the strengths within our heart.
Significance of the first chapter
So what is this witness? This weakness is actually described in the first few verses of Bhagavad Gita when the setting of the scene, the preliminary introduction to Bhagavad Gita is being described.
Krishna only starts teaching Bhagavad Gita in the second chapter. So the question is: why do we need first chapter?
Why do we need all this emotional outburst of Arjuna who is speaking some you know very intelligent words but uh Krishna says actually you're a fool. Why do we need first chapter?
Because in the first chapter Krishna only speaks one word, Pashyatu. Just look at this at this Koravas, the uh the army of Koravas. He only says this.
So Bhagavad Kitali Krishna uh here we start mārtaṇa. But this first chapter of Bhagavad-gītā is very important because it explains exactly the problem which we are dealing with, and we will not be able to understand the remedy which Krishna suggests before we understand very clearly the problem which has to be solved, the problem of our situation, of our heart.
Pratamathya Buddha Tumba Mukhya Du and Ray, Bhagavadya Pratamathya Li, Namasamasya Vivana, Namasamasya Natura, A Krishna, Putharanda Parihara Puddha Navina In In this first chapter of Bhagavad-gītā actually there are three problems described.
Oh yes, three people are described uh with their problems. So Prabhupaditya Pradhama Li Muru Pradesh Samasigramas one is Dhritarashtra. Another one is Duryodhana and the third one is Arjuna.
And they all have the same problem. And this problem which they have, we also have. The problem of all these three people, Dhrita Rastva, Duryodhana is Arjuna, is fear.
In the 11th chapter of 11th canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam, they said, Bayam dviya bin That everyone in this material world is a victim of fear.
Because we are absorbed in something which is not important, ditiya Bhini Vesha, because our mind is completely entered into this dwitiya, in this matter.
Then Bayam, the fear arises within our heart, and we are very afraid of death. Everyone is afraid of death.
Krishna Nalika, Bhotika Vaswala Asatya, Dhity and Kika, Adikamu And we pariah our uh memory is distorted. We don't remember who we are, we don't understand who we are. We completely identify with this body.
This is uh vipariayasmriti, asmriti. We don't remember. No memory. So this problem of fear is beautifully described in the first chapter The first is Dhritarashtra. Dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca, this is where Bhagavad-gītā starts.
Why Dhrita Rashtra needs to be there? Okay, Arjuna is okay. Arjuna is a hero of Bhagavad-gītā. Why Bhagavad-gītā starts with Dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca?
Because it describes how Dhrita Rashtra is sitting in his palace and he's completely paralyzed because of fear. And uh being fearful uh he is just more or less doing nothing.
He is he is in this paralyzed condition of life and sometimes you know we know ourselves that under the very severe stress of fear we also become paralyzed. We cannot do anything.
It to me the Tarasra Nish kriya on Y Market after the Tarastra Nish Kriya. So uh being Nishkriya, he is just he just he just more or less wants to he wants his ways but he he cannot do anything about it.
And then we see Duryodhana, and Duryodhana he behaves in a completely different way. He's also fearful. He's also afraid of the outcome of this battle. He doesn't know what happens. You know, he's he's very fearful.
But what he does, he's scheming, he's using diplomatical try to encourage Dronacharya and Bhīṣma and you know he's more or less doing politics to solve this problem of fear.
And then we see the same situation more or less with Arjuna. Arjuna becomes fearful.
He becomes completely overwhelmed with fear, and being overwhelmed with fear, he starts trembling, he starts his skin becomes dry, he you know gandiva bow falls from his hand and he more or less sits down in the chariot uh being overwhelmed by fear.
A Janukura Bhaibhitanagi on Mathya Tatari on Modul on Mukhawan Tay, on Jarmasud, Anupura, Vibithanagi we take some more time. But he to solve this problem of fear, what he does, he goes to Krishna.
He says, Krishna, please help me. He goes to his spiritual master because in this particular scene or situation Krishna plays the role of his guru.
He approaches his guru and he says, please help me Dharma Samuda Cheta Shishyastiham Dharma Sam I'm completely bewildered about my duty in life. So please give me instruction.
Prabhupada, please uh explain to me what I'm s what is my duty in this situation.
Influences of three modes of nature
So Arjuna Vishnaya,aratani. So example of these three people is actually example of people under the different modes of nature.
Dhritarashtra under the mode of ignorance he is overwhelmed or he is influenced by tamas and under this influence of tamas he, becomes more or less stunned. he is stupefied.
And under rajo-guṇa Duryodhana he is the example of somebody who is under very strong influence of Rajagun and being in this Rajasi condition, very passionate condition,
he is trying to solve the problem of fear by doing all kinds of politics and by uh trying to solve this problem by diplomatical manner or by some you know power struggle more or less.
So Duryodhana Raja Buddhali Papitana Uh Vithya Buddha. Hello Ritiani And Arjuna in this particular stage he represents somebody who is in the mode of goodness, and therefore, he's not trying to hide his fear.
Dhritarashtri is hiding his fear. He doesn't say I'm fearful.
Duryodhana is definitely hiding his fear under the screen of boasting: our army is so strong, we are much better equipped to fight and we will definitely fight. But he's hiding his fear.
Arjuna - big hero, huge hero, very famous, all of a sudden he breaks down. He's completely open and he is completely simple. And simple heartedly he says, no, no, I will not fight Krishna.
Soyodana, Tamma Ghaivana, Vachikurtai we sort of know about it. And uh and therefore this three peop thles,ree kinds of people that try to solve the problem in a completely different manner.
And Bhagavad-gītā is for those people Krishna spoke Bhagavad-gītā for those people who are sincere enough and simple at heart enough to admit their weakness of heart.
Qualification of simplicity for understanding truth
So Krishna Bhagavad Gityana Yarat Mbasa Ravagita Therefore Arjuna is called Arjuna. Arjuna means simple, Arjuna means straight. Arjuna is not crooked. So Arjuna, Arjuna, Arvandum Adhav Arthayana Sarana. Sarav yes.
Krishna is crooked, Arjuna is not crooked. Krishna is a Pardonga, Arjuna Saragan. Krishna is Stripangala Lita, he is not straight. Arjuna is straight. Krishna Devandha Murkury.
So the simplicity of heart, the sincerity of heart is very important adhikāra or qualification for us to understand Bhagavad-gītā.
If we always if we are duplicitous in heart, we will not be able to understand Bhagavad-gītā. We will be able to preach Bhagavad-gītā but not live Bhagavad-gītā.
Again and again and again our acharyas and Krishna himself, they say that you should be simple that sharata is a very important quality of the heart.
And sharata means if you're weak, tell that you're weak. Don't pretend that you are strong. Saraṇāgati, now pick the pressure, and find somebody who is strong who will be able to really help you in this situation.
Now what is the reason of this fear? What is the reason? What is the root cause of this problem?
Now we we have seen that there are three kinds of people in this world who are trying to solve this problem of fear in a different way. But what is the root cause of this problem? Where this problem arises from.
The root cause of this problem in the very first verse of Bhagavad-gītā is there, it's already explained. Māmakāḥ pāṇḍavāścaiva, kimakurvata sañjaya. Yes. Māmakāḥ pāṇḍavāścaiva, kimakurvata sañjaya.
So there is somebody who is mine whom you are whom I am attached to, and there is somebody who is not mine who should be killed basically.
So the problem from which all our the root cause of all our problems, whatever problems may be, it may be family problems, it may be some governmental problem, it may be some you know whatever problem, medical problems, the root cause of all the problems is attachment.
Saṁsāra-mūla-kāraṇaḥ, asakti, bhautikāsakti, manaḥ. Prabhupāda, saṁsāra, sāmājika-samasyā, indriya-samasyā, mūla-kāraṇa, āsakti.
Even in Ayurveda Shastra, I believe it's I don't remember exactly which book, but the first verse of this book of Ayurveda Shastra is Rāgādi-rogāḥ. The cause of disease is rāga. Starting with rāga, with attachment, rāgādi-rogāḥ.
So this asakti, this attachment, uh useless attachment to useless things, uh to unnecessary things is the root cause of all our fears. Why we're fearful?
Because we we don't want to lose something which we anyway will lose. But we don't want. So as very out of Modi go.
Initial surrender and gradual transformation
And uh as I said uh we can try to solve this problem by wrong ways, like Duryodhana or like Dhritarashtra. But we can also try to solve this problem in a proper way like Arjuna now anasūyave, Arjuna
solution is that he comes to Krishna and he says, śiṣyas te 'haṁ śādhi māṁ tvāṁ prapannam, I am the soul which is surrendered to you. But immediately after that he says, I am the soul surrendered unto you, but I'm not going to fight Krishna.
I'm not going to fight. Don't ask me to fight. I'm surrendered to you, but don't ask me certain things. I am only surrendered from this to this point, but not beyond it. So Sharagy Mattimashokta, you will see me go Vindham.
You don't already know. You don't already know you're not going to have so that actually also signifies that our surrender, Krishna doesn't expect from us that immediately
we will be completely hundred percent Sadishat Saranagata. When we come to Krishna, when we come to Jagannath and we say I'm surrendered to you, Krishna knows what we mean. But that's the starting point.
We should start somewhere. It's a good starting point. So that's that's a beginning initial surrender, but by
trying to really imbibe the message of Bhagavad-gītā, our surrender will become more and more profound, more and more real. From this initial superficial surrender, it will go deeper in the heart.
It's interesting that uh in Bhagavad-gītā Krishna uh many times says, few times says that jnana vijana sahitam uh I am giving to you not only theoretical knowledge, not only jnana, I also give to you vijan.
So Krishna Pade Pade uh Bhagavad-gītā Janam Vijnana Saidam Mate Prateksha Vagam so Nam Jnana Matha Purtaila Vijnana Vampura So it basically means that if we listen
Bhagavad-gītā, not only theoretical knowledge, not only conceptual knowledge will come, but also some realization will gradually, gradually sink within our heart
Like at the end Arjuna will say Nasta Moha Sri Smritir Labdva Karishivachanamdava. I'm ready to do whatever you say to me. I'm I'm going to fight now. Krishna Hadagi. Because my illusion is dissipated and uh and uh I regain
my memory, I understand who I am and what I'm supposed to do, what is my duty in life. So and basically what is the message what Krishna is saying to Arjuna? How this transformation took place, what is the message?
Main message? The main message of Krishna is very simple: don't be attached. Don't be attached to the material world and try to attach to the spiritual reality.
Analysis of Purushottama Yoga verse
Try to understand who you are and by understanding who you are develop the spiritual sambandha instead of being materially connected with this perishable material world. So Krishna Bhagavad, now he bhotika as a tina muktaragvego, bhotika purpantra visha was the mutaragvego, and the Navada helping us at the universe Bhagavad.
In this Purushotama Yoga in the 15th chapter, 15th Sadhyaya, Panchadasa Adhyaya of Bhagavad-gītā, there is this beautiful verse and it basically encapsulates the whole message of Bhagavad-gītā which I want to read to prove this point or to confirm this point.
Nirmana Mo Hajita Sanghaad Dosa, Hyatmanitya, Vinivrita Kamaha, Dwandvarvi Mukta, Sukaduka Samgyair, Kachantyamuda, Padamavya Yamke. Krishna is very uh assured Assuringly says to us, Gachanja Mudah, Padamavya,
you will be able, those people about whom he is speaking in this verse, they will be able to come or their coming to this padamavyayam, this imperishable spiritual world, which is Amudham, which is completely free from bewilderment from this moha from illusion. From this Vyayapada, from this perishable material world, they come there.
What they are supposed to do, what how what is the process which is described in this verse of Bhagavad Gita?
How you can come from this state of consciousness of from this condition of being to the completely different state of being.
Śrīla Prabhupāda explains in the process, in the purport, the surrendering process is described here very nicely. The surrendering process is described here very nicely.
The first qualification is that one should not be deluded by pride. Because the first word of this verse is nirmana, free from man, from pride.
So madaling um vadanade nirmana, nirmana mocha, this is the illusion of pride, because we're all proud in this material world. Dharitharashtri is proud. Dharashtri is available. Duryodhana is proud.
Duryodhana is Arjuna is also proud. In the beginning. In the beginning. They're all proud in their own way, and we're all proud in our own way.
So you don't have no When it is said that when Rikshawala has one rupee, he becomes very proud because I have one rupee. Whatever we have, whatever possession we have, it's just one rupee. In the eyes of God, I mean it's not very significant what we have.
But we go around and say, look at this, look, look, how knowledgeable I am, how intelligent I am, how skillful I am, how rich I am, how you know diplomatic I am. Look at me, I am a sannyasi. Look, look. Here also.
I'm a brahmachari. Somebody else. So we are trying to be proud everyone is trying to be proud in his own way. The first step of surrender is Nirmana Moha Jita Sangadosha. Male anta shadowtido.
Śrīla Prabhupāda is explaining because the conditioned soul is puffed up, thinking himself the Lord of material nature, it's very difficult for him to surrender to the supreme personality of Godhead.
One should know by the cultivation of real knowledge that he is not the Lord of material nature. The Supreme Personality of Godhead is the Lord.
So that's the jīveta svāmī, jīvatāna bhogī-svāmi, and the mukunda Everyone is Kṛṣṇa-dāsa-anta. Everyone is trying to somehow rather to establish his position of lordship in this material world.
I am the lord of my survey, I am the lord of my little apartment in Bangalore, and I am the swami here. Oh I am the svāmīni here. But there is only one Swami. Krishna. He is Sarveśvara.
He is everywhere, he's in your flat too. And he's the swami of this flat.
And no matter how much you try to become the lord of your own little flat you will never become close on your side it will never be your way. It will always be Krishna's way.
So the first qualification, the first adhikāra, uh which we have to gradually develop is to develop this pridelessness, humility. So matuly arahati andre now and
the synonym of this pridelessness, humility, nirmana moha, when I'm free from this moha of nirmāna is gratitude. You know, because when we are proud we cannot be grateful. These two qualities don't go together.
Overcoming bad qualities through humility
Either we are grateful and humble or we are proud and ungrateful.
So by doing this we will be able to uh achieve the next stage which is very important, jita sangha dosha we will be able to conquer over the uh doshas the uh faults
which we developed due to bad saṅga ku-saṅga. Due to uh asat-saṅga we developed so many bad qualities which are there within our heart.
What is the way to conquer over this? You know, people go to psychologists, people go to some training, some courses how to develop certain qualities, but it all doesn't ultimately work unless you develop this nirmana, this humility. When you develop humility, then you're not really attached to these bad qualities because the okay.
When you develop this humility nirmana, then you will be able to actually be detached from these faults. But if you have man, if you have pride, then this is my fault.
This is my fault, but uh but this is not the fault, this is not dosha, this is guna, this is my quality, this is how you will think about it.
So Nirma Mattersman Renawi Sajabaki e Doshraida Anaseki, Alay, Mariana, Budagana, anda word Like Duryodhana, he has so many bad qualities, but he's proud of these bad qualities. This is the this is the matter of his pride.
And because of this, he will never be able to sangadosha to uh conquer over all these bad qualities. So you gotta gather on the muta nagodikha and sand.
And then Krishna says, Adyatmanityam, uh by being uh humble and by being uh free from all these bad qualities you will be able to concentrate your mind on adhyatma, on the spiritual things. You will be able to see that you know your spirit, soul and Krishna is God.
So now put a nirmanatwana versand muta because the can go it's very difficult for us to concentrate on spiritual things.
We start chanting and immediately we see how good I am, how wonderful I am, how worthy I am. Or I have this problem and that problem. Instead of thinking about Krishna by thinking about ourselves.
There's no question of Adiyatma Nitya. We cannot even concentrate on Adyatma for split second.
And when you brita Kamaha, in this way you will be able to be free from all these desires which which are actually useless and don't bring any any good to us.
There is no question of comforting over our last, our desires lustful desires unless we become humble.
Freedom from dualities of material life
Dwandvarvi Mukta, Sukka Dukkha, Sangjai.
And ultimately, what is the ultimate position in this surrendering process? You will be free from this very common and all-pervading duality, duality of sukha and dukkha, happiness and distress.
The very foundation of our material life, material existence, is this attachment to Sukha and Dvesha to dukkha.
We all want material happiness and we hate everything which is against our understanding of how we should be happy. And therefore we always distressed, we always try to find the ideal condition
But in this material world there is no ideal condition.
This whole material world is Dukhalaya Masashwatam. So now it Satadwagi Maasik Watra Yati How you can be happy in the place which is called Dukhalaya. It's the very place of Dukha. How you can be happy here?
Just think about it. No, it's as if you you went deep down in the earth in the coal mine, the place where they dig out the coal. And you want to be clean in this coal mine.
You are there where there is only coal, the black coal and the black everything so that the only way to compose make such. You go there and you say I'll become clean here. Coal mine is not the place to become clean.
It's the place to become dirty. Material world is not the place to become happy because it's duḥkālayam. But we are very attached to our own happiness, to our own way, to our own understanding of what happiness means.
But we all be able to detach from this if we understand just the first word of this verse of Bhagavad-gītā.
nirmāna-mohā jita-saṅga-doṣā adhyātma-nityā vinivṛtta-kāmāḥ dvandvair vimuktāḥ sukha-duḥkha-saṁjñair gacchanty amūḍhāḥ padam avyayaṁ tat. So nirmāna-mohāḥ. So nirmāna-mohāḥ jita-saṅga-doṣāḥ.
Recognizing Krishna as ultimate owner
And in this way gacchanty amūḍhāḥ padam avyayaṁ tat. Uh, in this way we will be able to come to this avyaya-padam, the eternal spiritual world.
So each and every okay, oh go on, and therefore Śrīla Prabhupāda explains uh how to do this.
He says: for one who is always expecting some honor in the material world, some who is always proud and wants to nourish his honor in this material world, it's not possible to surrender to the Supreme Person.
Pride is due to illusion. For although one comes here, stays here for a brief time and goes away, he has the foolish notion that he is the Lord of this world.
He thus makes all things complicated and he is always in trouble. The whole world moves under this impression.
People are considering the land of this earth to belong to human society, and they have divided the land under false impression that they are proprietors.
One has to get out of this false notion that human society is proprietary of this world.
And later Prabhupāda explains that how to develop the genuine detachment. First of all, we have to understand the reality of our situation and then we have to become attached to the Supreme Lord.
Nirmāna-mohāḥ jiita-saṅga-doṣāḥ Vekti Indigo Krishna Sharadikis Sati Vila Akyana Garovana Pudaveku.
Śrīla Prabhupāda beautifully says at the end of the purport, he says, and when one has an understanding of things as they are, he becomes free from all dual conceptions such as happiness, distress, pleasure, and pain.
The whole thing is to understand the reality as it is. So he proposed any of the now head now, Sariya Krishti and Krishna, Nordiv uh Krishti Vana's.
And therefore Śrīla Prabhupāda wrote Bhagavad-gītā As It Is. So Prabhupāda gives Bhagavad-gītā, but it's not the same he wrote Bhagavad-gītā As It Is to explain the reality as it is.
So in Bhagavad Gita is a Tamar code case, Bhagavad Gita. And if we read Bhagavad-gītā As It Is, we will understand the reality as it is. If we read Bhagavad-gītā As It Is, we will understand the reality as it is.
So now Bhagavad Gita, and the sign that we understood Bhagavad-gītā As It Is, is that we become humble. So Bhagavad Gita Nam Yatarupa Atta If
If we read Bhagavad-gītā or preach Bhagavad-gītā or distribute Bhagavad-gītā As It Is, but we remain proud we don't understand Prabhupāda.
So that's the message of Bhagavad-gītā, that's the message of Lord Chaitanya, Tarore Vasa Hishana, Amanina Manadana, Kirtani Yasadavai. The same message is there.
Sandesha Nathri Jaitana Purana, Sandhesha Tranadhi Sandheta. And it starts from surrendering to guru as Arjuna exemplifies. Krishna Guru Vari Krishna Ramadan to the Praharama.
Concluding remarks and introducing next speaker
It starts from the sincerity in the heart when we are humble enough to admit our own weakness. Admit our own problems and in this way solve the problems once and forever. So now I already went over time.
Acharya of Madhva Sampradaya is here, and he will bless us by speaking the message of Bhagavad-gītā in Kannada and Sanskrit.
He's such a great Sanskrit scholar. Then when he speaks Sanskrit, even fool like myself can understand. So that's his greatness. He's doing it in a very simple way and uh I'm very happy that he is here. Hare Krishna.
So Madanya Rubarampuja Swatiya Maharaj.